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a separator that removes air from the system fluid through the application of bubble dynamics.

removing air from a liquid, usually by ultrasonic and/or vacuum methods.

the progressive failure of a machine or lubricant.

a separator that removes water from the system fluid.

a complex wear process where a machine surface is peeled away or otherwise removed by forces of another surface acting on it in a sliding motion.

the ability of a fluid that is insoluble in water to separate from water with which it may be mixed in the form of an emulsion.

An additive that promotes oil-water separation in lubricants that are exposed to water or steam

the mass of a unit volume of a substance. Its numerical value varies with the units used.

The depletion of additives expressed as an approximate percentage.

oil-insoluble materials that result from oxidation and decomposition of lube oil and contamination from external sources and engine blow-by. These can settle out on machine or engine parts. Examples are sludge, varnish, lacquer and carbon.

a filter medium that retains contaminants primarily within tortuous passages.

Inflammation of the skin. Repeated contact with petroleum products can be a cause.

opposite of absorption or adsorption. In filtration, it relates to the downstream release of particles previously retained by the filter.

in lubrication, either an additive or a compounded lubricant having the property of keeping insoluble matter in suspension thus preventing its deposition where it would be harmful. A detergent may also redisperse deposits already formed.

Is a lubricating oil possessing special sludge-dispersing properties usually conferred on the oil by the incorporation of special additives. Detergent oils hold formed sludge particles in suspension and thus promote cleanliness especially in internal-combustion engines. However detergent oils do not contain “detergents” such as those used for cleaning of laundry or dishes. Also detergent oils do not clean already “dirty” engines, but rather keep in suspension the sludge that petroleum oil forms so that the engine remains cleaner for longer period. The formed sludge particles are either filtered out by Oil Filters or drained out when oil is changed.

Removal of wax from a base oil in order to reduce the pour point.

a measure of the ability of an insulating material to withstand electric stress (voltage) without failure. Fluids with high dielectric strength (usually expressed in volts or kilovolts) are good electrical insulators. (ASTM Designation D 877.)

an indicator which signals the difference in pressure between any two points of a system or a component.

the weight of a specified artificial contaminant which must be added to the influent to produce a given differential pressure across a filter at specified conditions. Used as an indication of relative service life.

in lubrication, a term usually used interchangeably with detergent. An additive, usually nonmetallic ("ashless"), which keeps fine particles of insoluble materials in a homogeneous solution. Hence, particles are not permitted to settle out and accumulate.

a filter element intended to be discarded and replaced after one service cycle.

Air which is dispersed in a fluid to form a mixture.

those gases that enter into solution with a fluid and are neither free nor entrained gases.

Water which is dispersed in the fluid to form a mixture.

a method involving distilling the fluid sample in the presence of a solvent that is miscible in the sample but immiscible in water. The water distilled from the fluid is condensed and segregated in a specially-designed receiving tube or tray graduated to directly indicate the volume of water distilled.